Pollution from plastics has become a global problem, and many countries and regions in Europe and the United States have taken a number of measures to reduce plastic pollution and limit the use of plastic products:
European Union (EU): The EU has implemented a number of plastic restrictions, including a ban on the sale of single-use plastic products such as plastic cotton swabs, plastic cutlery, plastic straws and plastic drink stirrers. In addition, the EU also requires member states to develop policies for charging for plastic bags.
France: France implemented a law banning single-use plastic tableware and containers in 2016. The law requires restaurants and fast food outlets to use biodegradable, recyclable or reusable tableware.
UK: The UK implemented a single-use plastic ban in 2020, banning the sale of plastic straws, cotton swabs and plastic stir sticks. In addition, the UK also plans to ban the sale of single-use plastic tableware and containers in 2023.
Canada: Canada announced a plan in 2021 to ban plastic straws, plastic cotton swabs and single-use plastic utensils in 2022.
Currently, bio-based materials are the market trend to replace non-degradable plastic products.
The following are some common bio-based biodegradable materials:
Biobased plastics (Bioplastics): Biobased plastics are plastics made from plant starch, cellulose, and polylactic acid (PLA) as the main raw materials. They can maintain the properties and functions of plastics during use, but can be decomposed by microorganisms after being discarded.
Bio-based fibers (Biofibers): Bio-based fibers are fiber materials made from plant fibers or animal fibers. For example, bamboo fiber, soy protein fiber, natural cotton fiber, etc. can be used to make bio-based fibers.
Bio-based films (Biofilms): Bio-based films are thin, transparent, biodegradable materials commonly used as packaging and covering materials. They are usually made from bio-based materials such as starch and polylactic acid, which can decompose in the natural environment.
Bio-based coatings (Biocoatings): Bio-based coatings are environmentally friendly coatings used to protect and decorate surfaces. They use natural oils, waxes or other bio-based substances as base materials and do not contain harmful solvents and volatile organic compounds.
Bio-based foams (Biofoams): Bio-based foams are lightweight, porous materials that can be used for packaging and insulation. They are made from renewable vegetable oils, starches and other raw materials and have a low environmental impact.
These biodegradable materials can replace traditional plastics and synthetic materials in a number of areas, reducing the negative environmental impact and promoting sustainable development. However, it is worth noting that biodegradable materials still require attention to the environmental and sustainability issues associated with their production and handling.
